Vivekanandha Arts and Science College for Women

      Vivekanandha


   College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous)
   Reaccredited with 'A+' Grade by NAAC || ISO 9001:2015 Certified
   Approved by UGC Act 1956 under Section 2(f)&12(B) and AICTE
   Affiliated to Periyar University, Salem

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E-CONTENT OF PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

Subject Code: 18P4CH09 Subject Name: Physical Chemistry - III

UNIT – I - Statistical Thermodynamics

Objectives of Statistical thermodynamics – concept of thermodynamically and mathematical probabilities – Distribution of distinguishable and non – distinguishable particles. Maxwell – Boltzmann, Bose – Einstein and Fermi – Dirac statistics Law – comparison and its applications. Partition Function – evolution of Translational, Vibrational, Rotational and Electronic partition Functions – Thermodynamic Functions in terms of partition Function – Statistical expression for equilibrium constant – Calculation of Equilibrium constant from partition Function. Heat capacities of solids - Einstein’s and Debye’s theories of heat capacities of solids.

https://uh.edu/engines/StatisticalThermodynamics.pdf
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Book%3A_ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/16%3A_Entropy_and_Spontaneous_Reactions/16.05%3A_Thermodynamic_Probability_W_and_Entropy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tG_eFafJjEE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_t_hRYpW1nU
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Kinetics/03%3A_Rate_Laws/3.01%3A_Gas_Phase_Kinetics/3.1.02%3A_Maxwell-Boltzmann_Distributions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UlSrU9F1hI
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwdnzlV3ogoX-WIPb5DnmmmUOVAgI5wrq
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6ND43_iifM
http://staff.ustc.edu.cn/~hzhlj/teaching/TongJiJiaoXue/PhysChem_Chapter17.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEruREYmi3Y
https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/122101001/downloads/lec-29.pdf
http://vallance.chem.ox.ac.uk/pdfs/EinsteinDebye.pdf
UNIT – II - Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

Non-Equilibrium - its postulates- Entropy production-Entropy production in heat flow and matter flow. Forces and fluxes-Flows and coupled flows-Linear laws- Phenomenological law-Onsager reciprocal relation-Proof by Microscopic reversibility-Verification by Electro-kinetic phenomenon-Diffusion. Non-Equilibrium stationary states-Applications of non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/115/106/115106091/
https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/112105129/pdf/RAC%20Lecture%204.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRPM4xTlcTE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhWEzAi0wwQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq92qOVAjDI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIgXT3eo2Xk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2L4Rt7ozus
UNIT – III - UV and fluorescence Spectroscopy

UV-spectroscopy: Theory - Instrumentation-Beer-Lamberts Law - bands in UV-VIS spectrum - Possible electronic transitions - Types of electronic transitions based on selection rules - Characteristic absorption (λmax and εmax) of carbonyl - Isolated double bond - Conjugated double bond systems and aryl groups - Factors influencing the absorption - Spectroscopic terms: Chromophore - Auxochrome - Bathochromic shift - Hypsochromic shift - Hypochromic shift - Hyperchromic shift – applications.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy: Principles, Instrumentation and applications.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vl3BYsoif-c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8zELwp358A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWo2b-i6UiE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m33OeLsp8o0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ne9Do6vZTiw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgmlp6Ts8QQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3BKyfPvCYE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECVnLK6VxGg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOEFMblbjCA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_wPlYegvBw&list=PLLoK_OlI_hyAerliYLIXwhoTLhNTF0FSL
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2_6QoYvQSg
UNIT – IV - NMR and ESR Spectroscopy

NMR Spectra: Theory of nuclear resonance - Instrumentation - Chemical shift - Factors influencing chemical shift - Shielding and deshielding mechanisms - Spin-spin coupling - Coupling constant - Nuclear overhauser effect - Applications of NMR spectra to simple organic molecules - Introduction to13C NMR, 19F NMR, 31P NMR.
ESR Spectroscopy: Theory - derivative curves - ‘g’ values - Hyperfine splitting - Isotropic and anisotropic systems - Applications of ESR.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8-rOxQBbPA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nnVGa8OjkFo&list=PL9m2Lkh6odgIEq94ERJIAaPg0z_1WeCrl
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nnVGa8OjkFo&list=PLj_Alq7xw30lOjjuw7rT2LMz17tSrVewY
https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/virttxtjml/spectrpy/nmr/nmr1.htm
http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/nmr/whatisnmr/whatisnmr.html
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Map%3A_Organic_Chemistry_(Wade)/12%3A_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/12.03%3A_Chemical_Shifts_and_Shielding
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Book%3A_Organic_Chemistry_with_a_Biological_Emphasis_v2.0_(Soderberg)/05%3A_Structure_Determination_Part_II_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/5.06%3A_Spin-Spin_Coupling
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_zwjfqYyQI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LC2OMSd7ck
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23ngD7piyBw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zjA1f0Abp0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQNfHeerRuw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDrHjMFmmCM
UNIT – V - Mass and Mossbauer Spectroscopy

Mass Spectroscopy: Theory - Instrumentation - Types of ions: Molecular ion - Fragment ion rearrangement ion - Metastable ion - odd & even ions - Molecular ion peak - Base peak - Metastable ion peak - Determination of molecular formula - Nitrogen rule and ring rule - Isotopic abundance analysis - Fragmentation process: Retro Diels-Alder rearrangement - Mclattery rearrangement - Double bond and ring equivalence - Fragmentation of organic compounds with respect to their structural determination (alcohol, hydrocarbon, carbonyl compounds and nitro compounds).
Mossbauer Spectroscopy: Line width - Isomer shift - Quadrupole interactions - Magnetic interactions - Mossbauer emission spectroscopy - Structural elucidation of iron and tin complexes.
https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/virttxtjml/spectrpy/massspec/masspec1.htm
https://www.intechopen.com/books/spectroscopic-analyses-developments-and-applications/application-of-mass-spectroscopy-in-pharmaceutical-and-biomedical-analysis
http://www.premierbiosoft.com/tech_notes/mass-spectrometry.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvGkglvmf8shttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuwbeA22rew
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_hEhMEzGgI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vhc0hLduUWE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqfbJTYqu6Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRXJFrQQ7YY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IcIb70pIwlQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7bxM7J_P84
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCCFiyoDTaM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2Fo5BAReGo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wp2nZl6lIg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J60psZF5ONo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzY78OHQgQA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxZJ06ZbX2M
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Spectroscopy/Mossbauer_Spectroscopy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7zsL9yFOsg
https://serc.carleton.edu/research_education/geochemsheets/techniques/mossbauer.html
Subject Code: 18P4CHE03 Subject Name: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMSITRY

UNIT – I - Fundamentals of environmental chemistry

Concept of environmental chemistry, composition of atmosphere, vertical temperature and vertical structure of the atmosphere, hydrological cycle, C&N cycle.
Environmental pollution, air, water, soil pollution, prevention and control of pollution, Biogeochemical cycles in environmental biological control and chemical factors in the environment.
https://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Earth-Science/6/Composition-of-Earths-Atmosphere/107
http://tornado.sfsu.edu/geosciences/classes/m201/Atmosphere/AtmosphericComposition.html
https://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/Structure
https://www.britannica.com/science/water-cycle
https://scied.ucar.edu/carbon-cycle
https://www.britannica.com/science/nitrogen-cycle
https://www.britannica.com/science/pollution-environmentBiogeochemical
https://www.britannica.com/science/biogeochemical-cycle
UNIT – II -Water Chemistry

Characteristics of water, quality of natural water, quality requirements of portable water, organic, humic and colloidal material in water, chemical composition of water bodies, commercial water purification method-reverse osmosis method disinfection of water purification method of water for industrial purpose lime soda process, ion exchange process, zeolite process. Water pollution environment impact TDS, DO, BOD, COD.
https://theconstructor.org/environmental-engg/characteristics-of-water-physical-chemical-biological/4735/
https://www.element.com/more-sectors/environmental-testing/water-testing/physical-chemical-properties-of-water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kiSkSTYkJVo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9NLmD-cPgc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4j8-EQG9nc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3XIXuzC_eg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pXybrtX6qSM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q70PgxkjH5E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDiRJ_UiUzo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOV0GhYpNqg
UNIT – III -Pollutants from Industry

Polymers and Plastics the classification the characteristics environmental implications of polymers and plastics-abatement procedures for polymers and plastics pollution.
Asbestos:
Structural characteristics of asbestos- application of asbestos sources of asbestos in the environment analysis of asbestos effects of asbestos pollution mitigation of asbestos pollutions.
Polychlorinated biphenyls the need fate of poly chlorinated biphenyls is the environment environmental implication of polychlorinated biphenyls abatement procedures for poly chlorinated biphenyls pollution.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6rV9w2pJLU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnQjYXXX17A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_aA8p9G2TY
https://www.slideshare.net/KulwinderKaur/industrial-pollution-final
https://www.slideshare.net/ShReYa011/industrial-pollution-64498744
https://www.slideshare.net/ppanth/industrial-pollution-and-control
https://www.slideshare.net/pramodgpramod/industrial-and-mining-pollution-and-its-effects-final
https://applications.emro.who.int/dsaf/dsa1208.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/farahbain/chapter-2-indoor-and-outdoor-air-pollution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNxURNHDvRM
UNIT – IV -Fertilizers: the classification environmental implications of fertilizers abatement procedure for fertilizers pollution eutrophication
.Insecticides classification the characteristics environmental implication of insecticides abatement procedures for insecticides pollution – Bhopal.
Fungicides and herbicides; the need the classification environmental implication of fungicides and herbicides abatement procedures fungicides herbicides pollution.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXMmrS_PeFQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6GJwZEQbHXo
https://www.slideshare.net/NaNwe/agricultural-pollution-51822274
https://www.slideshare.net/AnshikaBansal4/agricultural-pollution-66314244
https://www.slideshare.net/indiawaterportal/agriculture-and-environmental-pollution-a-presentation-by-dr-harikumar-the-kerala-environment-congress-organised-by-the-centre-for-environment-and-development-2012
https://www.slideshare.net/iwlpcu/agricultural-pollution-reduction-presentation
https://www.slideshare.net/sanshilmascarenhas/effects-of-pesticides-of-humans
https://www.slideshare.net/BonnieGallea/pesticides-15878360
https://www.slideshare.net/jmlose21/pesticide-cycle
https://www.slideshare.net/ElegbeleyeOladipo/fertilizer-ndustry
http://www.fao.org/3/w2598e/w2598e06.htm
UNIT – V -Waste Management

Land filling, incineration, disposal of medicine, new technique to treat industrial and farm effluents, reduce, reuse and recycle from waste recycling technique, utilizing agriculture waste to bio energy, municipal waste into road making, electricity from tannery waste, recycling techniques waste water and its treatment hazardous waste from contaminated metals.
• https://www.slideshare.net/pallabipriyadarsini25/solid-waste-management-ppt
• https://www.slideshare.net/DaniyalYounis/recycling-of-wastes-70680321
• https://www.slideshare.net/VivekJain68/waste-management-70027829
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PV2UZ-XXO8
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHaySL8EL6g
• https://www.slideshare.net/bibhabasumohanty/solid-waste-management-12495228
• https://www.slideshare.net/ianthi/3r-what-can-we-do-to-reduce-environmental-problem
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJr2z8g1dOI
• https://www.slideshare.net/GulshanKumar32/seminar-presentation-ppt-on-solid-waste-management
• https://www.slideshare.net/NabeelaBasha/solid-waste-management-68649034